Home   »   List of Neighbouring Countries of India   »   List of Neighbouring Countries of India

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts

Neighboring Countries of India

India, one of the largest countries in the world both in terms of area and population, shares its borders with several neighboring countries. These countries can be divided into two categories – those that share a land border with India, and those that share a maritime border. Understanding the details of all these neighboring countries, their geographical locations, and their relationships with India is crucial for comprehending India’s geopolitical landscape. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the facts related to India’s neighboring countries.

Physical Background of India

The land frontier of India is 15,200 kms and the total length of coastline is 7,516.6 kms including the main land, Lakshadweep islands, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. India shares the boundary of mainland with seven neighboring countries and these are Pakistan and Afghanistan with North-West, China, Nepal and Bhutan with North, Myanmar with East and Bangladesh with East of India. The South-East of India shares borders with Srilanka, whereas Maldives shares borders with South-West of India and these two are the only countries which share water boundaries.

Neighboring Countries of India and their Capitals

The capitals of all neighboring countries of India are given below. Here is the list of neighboring countries of India & their capitals:-

Neighboring Country Capitals Border Length Bordering States
Pakistan Islamabad 106 Km Ladakh (PoK)
Afghanistan Kabul 4096.7 Km West Bengal, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura and Assam
China Beijing 699 Km West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh & Assam
Nepal Kathmandu 3488 Km Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh
Bhutan Thimphu 1643 Km Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram and Manipur
Bangladesh Dhaka 1751 Km Bihar, Uttarakhand, UP, Sikkim and West Bengal
Myanmar Naypyidaw 3323 Km Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Ladakh, Gujarat, and Rajasthan
Srilanka [Sea border] Colombo & Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte Sea Border Gulf of Mannar separates India with Sri Lanka
Maldives [Sea Border] Malé Sea Border It does not directly shares its boundary with any Indian state but lies below the Lakshadweep Island

Neighboring Countries of India: Bordering States

There are a total of 9 neighboring countries of India out of which 7 share their land borders. The list of states that share the borders with respective countries is given below.

Neighboring Country Bordering States
Pakistan Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Gujarat, and Rajasthan
Afghanistan Jammu and Kashmir (POK Part)
China Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh
Nepal Sikkim, West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttrakhand
Bhutan Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim, and West Bengal
Bangladesh West Bengal, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Assam
Myanmar Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland
Srilanka [Sea border] An island nation in the Indian Ocean, southeast of the Indian subcontinent
Maldives [Sea Border] An island country in the Indian Ocean, South Asia, south-southwest of India.

Here is the detailed list of neighboring countries of India including all India border countries with flags of neighboring countries of India.

1. Pakistan

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_3.1

Pakistan is located to the west of India and is one of the India border countries. Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. The total land area of Pakistan is 7,96,095 sq km. The Indian states which share a border with Pakistan include Gujarat, Rajasthan and Punjab, and the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistan separated from India after India got its independence from British rule. Pakistan celebrates its Independence Day on August 14, 1947. After the Independence, Pakistan was formed into two territories i.e. East Pakistan and West Pakistan. These two territories were geographically and culturally apart from each other. After a long conflict between these two, in 1971 a civil war occurred, as the result of which Bangladesh was formed. West Pakistan lying in the northwest of India became the Republic of Pakistan and East Pakistan became Bangladesh.

President Arif Alvi
Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif
Official languages Urdu, English
State/ Provinces 4 Provinces
Capital Islamabad
Currency Pakistani Rupee
National Game Field Hockey
National Bird Chukar partridge
National Fruit Mango(Summer), Guava (Winter)
National Tree Deodar
National Anthem Quami Tarana
Highest peak K2
Longest river Indus River
Religion Islam
Parliament National Assembly (342 seats)
Border Radcliffe Line

2. Afghanistan

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_4.1

Afghanistan is also known as the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in Central Asia. The total land area of Afghanistan spreads across 6,52,230 sq km and is known. Islam is the predominant religion in the country and the major dependence of the country’s economy is on Agriculture. Countries near India include industrial activities in Afghanistan including the manufacturing of cotton textile, woolens, woven carpets, and handicrafts. Pakistan-occupied Kashmir shares a border with Afghanistan.

President  Ashraf Ghani (Former)
Parliament Wolesi Jirga (Lower House) (250 members)
Official languages Dari and Pashto
State/ Provinces 34 Provinces
Capital and largest city Kabul
Currency Afghan afghani
National Game Buzkashi
National Bird Grey Peacock-the Golden eagle
National Fruit Prunus persica
National Tree Afghan Pine
National animal Snow Leopard
Border Durand Line

3. China

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_5.1

The people’s Republic of China is located in East Asia and other Indian border countries. It is the most populous country in the world and also the 4th largest country in the world. The President of China is the head of the state. China lies to the north of India. Indian states that share their borders with China are Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. China is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. Both countries are connected by the Silk Road initiative and the exchange of Buddhism religion.

President  Xi Jinping
Official languages Mandarin
State/ Provinces 26 Provinces
Capital Beijing
Currency Chinese Yuan (CNY)
National Game Table Tennis
National Bird Red-crowned crane
National Fruit Kiwifruit
National Tree Maidenhair tree
National Flower Bluewater lily
National animal Giant Panda
Longest river Yangtze River
Boundaries Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, and Arunachal Pradesh
Parliament National Assembly (2980 members)
Border McMahon Line

4. Nepal

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_6.1

Nepal, officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is a landlocked country. Nepal is located to the north of India. In terms of area, Nepal is the 93rd largest country in terms of land with an area of 1,47,181 sq km. The capital of Nepal is Kathmandu which is also the largest city in the country. Nepal has eight of the ten tallest mountains in the world world, including the highest point on Earth, Mount Everest. Tourism is one of the biggest contributors to the country’s economy. Nepal shares borders with UttarakhandUttar PradeshSikkimWest Bengal, and Bihar.

President Bidhya Devi Bhandari
Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal
Official languages Nepali
State/ Provinces 7 Provinces
Capital and largest city Kathmandu
Currency Nepalese rupee
National Game Volleyball
National Bird Himalayan monal (Lophophorus impedance)
National Animal Cow
National Tree Ficus religiosa
National Flower Rhododendron
Highest peak Mount Everest
Longest river Karnali
Parliament The National Assembly (275 seats)

5. Bhutan

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_7.1

Bhutan is situated to the north of India. It is officially known as The Kingdom of Bhutan and shares a border with the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Assam, and West Bengal. It is also a landlocked country and has an area of 38,394 sq km. The capital of Bhutan is Thimphu. The country has a constitutional monarchy. The major contributors to the economy of the country are Hydropower, agriculture, forestry, and tourism. Bhutan is the smallest neighboring country of India.

Name of king Druk Gyalpo (Dragon King)
Monarch  Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
Prime Minister Lotay Tshering
Upper house National Council
Official languages Dzongkha
State/ Provinces 20 states
Capital and largest city Thimphu
Currency Ngultrum (BTN)
National Animal Takin
National Bird  The Raven
National Game Archery
National Tree Cypress(Tsenden)
National Flower Blue poppy
Religion  77.4% Vajrayana Buddhism, 22.6% Hinduism
Lower house National Assembly (Tshogdu) 55 seats

6. Bangladesh

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_8.1

Bangladesh officially called the People’s Republic of Bangladesh is situated in South Asia. Neighbors of India, Bangladesh shares one of the longest borders in the world. The capital of Bangladesh is Dhaka. Indian states of Assam, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, and West Bengal share their border of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is the eighth-most populous country in the world (161 million) and also one of the most densely populated countries in the world. Bangladesh was initially a part of Pakistan and was known as East Pakistan but after the 1971 Liberation War took place, it gained independence.

President Abdul Hamid
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
Official languages Bengali
State/ Provinces 8 Provinces
Capital Dhaka
Currency Bangladeshi Taka
National Game Volleyball
National Bird Oriental Magpie-Robin
National Fruit Jackfruit (kathal)
National Tree Mango Tree
National animal Royal Bengal tiger
Highest peak Keokradong
Longest river Surma
Religion 70.2% Buddhism, 12.6% Hinduism
Parliament Jatiyo Shangsad (Bengali) and House of the Nation(English) (350 Member)
Border Radcliffe Line

7. Myanmar

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_9.1

Myanmar,  also known as Burma, officially known as The Republic of the Union of Myanmar is situated in East Asia. One of the neighbors of India Myanmar shares its border with the Indian states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, and Manipur. Myanmar has an area of  6,76,578 sq km and is the largest of the Mainland Southeast Asian states. Naypyidaw is the capital of Myanmar. The military is now back in charge and has declared a year-long state of emergency. Military commander-in-chief Min Aung Hlaing has taken power. He has long wielded significant political influence, successfully maintaining the power of the Tatmadaw – Myanmar’s military – even as the country moved towards democracy.

Prime Minister Min Aung Hlaing,
National anthem Kaba Ma Kyei
Official languages Burmese
National animal Tiger
Capital and largest city Naypyidaw
Currency Burmese Kyat
National Game Cannibal
National Bird Grey Peacock-Pheasant
National Fruit Padauk
National Tree Green Peafowl
Parliament The House of Representatives (440 seats)
Highest peak Hkakabo Razi
Longest river Irrawaddy River
Famous festivals Thingyan, Kasone, Nayon

8. Sri Lanka

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_10.1

Sri Lanka officially known as the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka lies near the southern area of India and is separated by Palk Strait. Sri Lanka has two capitals, the commercial capital of the country is Colombo where on the other and Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte is its legislative capital of the country. The president is the chief of state and the head of government in the country.  It is located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea. Being an island nation, Sri Lanka is a choice of many and makes a pleasant tourist destination in the world.

President Ranil Wickremesinghe (2023)
Prime Minister Dinesh Gunwardena
Official languages Sinhala, Tamil
State/ Provinces 9 states
Capital and largest city Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
Currency Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR)
National Game Volleyball
National Bird Ceylon (Jungle Fowl)
National Fruit Jackfruit
National Tree Ironwood
National Flower Bluewater lily
Highest peak Pidurutalagala
Longest river Mahaweli
Religion 70.2% Buddhism, 12.6% Hinduism
Parliament Parliamenthua (225 seats)
Famous festivals Sinhala and Tamil New Year, Vesak, Poson Festival, Kandy Esala Perahera, Kataragama Festival, Vel Festival, Deepavali

9. The Maldives

List of Neighbouring Countries of India With their Capital and Facts_11.1

The Maldives is an island nation situated in the southwest of India officially the Republic of Maldives. Area wise it is one of the smallest countries in the world. It is spread over 298 sq km only.  The Maldives has more than a thousand coral islands. The Maldives is a presidential republic and the president is the head of the state. The capital of Maldives is Male.

President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih
Parliament People’s Majlis
Official languages Dhivehi
State/ Provinces 1 Only
Capital and largest city Male
Currency Maldivian Rufiyaa
National Game Football
National Bird White-breasted Waterhen
National Fruit Coconut
National Tree Coconut Tree
National animal Yellowfin Tuna

pdpCourseImg

 

FAQs

Which countries share a land border with India?

India shares land borders with seven countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.

What are the maritime neighbors of India?

India shares maritime borders with two countries: Sri Lanka and the Maldives.

What is the longest border India shares with any neighboring country?

India shares its longest border with Bangladesh, measuring approximately 4,096.7 kilometers.

Which neighboring country of India is landlocked?

Both Nepal and Bhutan are landlocked countries that share borders with India.

TOPICS: